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BLOCK-1
EARLY HISTORY
UNIT - 1
BRITISH ISLES
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. In which year England finally anexed Wales?
Ans.1284
2. During whose period Wales was legally incorporated into England by the act of union of1536ans 1542?
Ans.Tudor rule,Henry eight
3. When Queen Elizabeth first of England dies childless in 1603 who succeeded her?
Ans.her cousin James 1
4. Mention the time period of Irish war of independence
Ans.1919-21
5. In which year onwards British government was forced to accept the creation of an Irish free state?
Ans.1922 onwards
6. Which is regarded as Britain's greatest contribution to the world?
Ans.english language
7. Identify the geographical position of the United Kingdom
Ans. Between the North Atlantic ocean in the west and the north sea in the east north of the English channel and of France Northern cost
8. Which are the major Islands of British Isles?
Ans. British isles comprise to large islands and over 5000 smaller ones like eyes of man isles of silly isles of Arron and isles of wight etc ..
9. Which channel in Arrow arm of the Atlantic ocean separates the south of the United Kingdom and the north of the France?
Ans.the English channel
10. Which is the least populated area of the United Kingdom?
Ans.Scotland
ASSIGNMENTS
1. Explain the geographical features of England
Ans. England is geographically the most important part of the United Kingdom and occupies more than half of the island of great Britain it shares land borders with Wales to its waste and Scotland to its North it is possible to identify a division between southern England and northern England on the basis of geographical feature the southern parts of England particularly greater London are the most densely populated areas of the British Isles. More than 7 million people live in greater London England has one of the highest population density in the British with 380 people per square kilometre. There are more industries and more jobs here than anywhere else in the UK London is one of the world's top financial senders and is also a leading centre for other service industries including insurance and the media and publishing several cities including Cambridge and Swindon are senders for the high tech industry thousands of tourist visit the historical and cultural centres in Southern England every year due to fertile soils and reliable rainfall a white range of crops are cultivated in Southern England the landscape of Southern England exhibits a wide variety. cornwall in the far West has rough hill is and an unevenly cut coastal line shaped by the Atlantic Ocean England has a warm temperate climate.
The industrial revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries begin in Northern England the areas is rich in minerals and resources needed for industry the Southwest is mainly used for gracing cattle and sheep forestry is important in mountain areas the weather of the northern England is cooler and wetter then the south important industries cities of Northern England are Liverpool, Manchester, leeds and Bradford.
2. What are the geographical features of Scotland
Ans. Scotland lies of the northern part of Britain Scotland covers 32% of the United kingdoms land area but has only 9% of the population it is the least populated area of the United Kingdom Scotland has one of the lowest population density in western Europe with only 65 per square kilometre. The eastern side of Scotland has a dryer climate than the west and is suitable for growing cereal crops and vegetables. Most of the mountain areas are to wet and Barron for arabel farming but people use it for a variety of purposes which include sheep farming dear farming and forestry also tourism and recreation. Eating burg is the chief centre of administration and almost two fifth of Scotland people live in 4 main cities namely glassgow, Edinburgh, Dundee, Aberdeen . The lowlands of Scotland have a temperate climate and plenty of rain highland areas experience heavy cold winters with heavy drifting snow.
UNIT - 2
ROMAN CONQUEST
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. When was the first Roman conquest of Britain occurred?
Ans.55BCE
2. What was the reason for the immediate withdrawal of Julius Caesar from the first Roman conquest?
Ans. Image rebellion broke out in gowl
3. Who was the chief of the British stripes United against the invasion of Claudius?
Ans. Caractacus
4. In which battle caractacus was formed to subdue a large region south of the themes to the Romans?
Ans battle of Medway 43CE
5. Which was the remarkable Rebel in faced by Romans for the Celtic people of Britain?
Ans.the rebellion of Boudicca
6. Which Roman governor suppressed the rebellion of Boudicca?
Ans.Suetonius
7. Which British governor implemented the reforms to romonize the Britain?
Ans.Agricola
8. Mention the work which provides a detailed account of the Roman invasion and its impact on the British Isles?
Ans.Tacitus biography of Agricola
9. Where did Rome established their first colony on the British islands?
Ans.camulodunum
10. What was the first capital of the Roman province in Britain?
Ans.Camulodunum
1. How does the Roman rule reflected in the language and literature of the British people?
Ans. Before the Romans came very few people could read or write in Britain instead information was usually passed from person to person by word of mouth the Romans wrote down their history their literature and their loss their language was called Latin it is spread in the newly buildrom and towns written adopted plenty of words and phrases from latin words like exist and pedestrian are some of the examples British coins are based on Roman designs and some of the lettering is in Latin for example words written around the edge of some British pounds is the phrase Deus et turnament which mean glory and protection .
In short Roman rule played apo tell role in changing all aspects of British lies and culture even after they were gone the Romans left their mark all over the country the Romans left behind new towns force plants and animals also a new religion and ways of reading and counting.
2. How does the emergence of christianity spread in Britain?
Ans. The emergence of Christianity from a persecuted set to a global religion is a remarkable story in the first century a d Britain had its own set of religious beliefs a kind of organism like do some prevailed there into this superstitious world came a new believe from the first from the east called Christianity. In the first century there was no organised effort to convert the British into Christianity the organised attempt be gain when the Roman traders and artisans arriving in Britain started propagating the story and tech kings of Jesus Christ among the British after Roman Congress of Britain and the subsequently legislation of Christianity in the Roman empire individual Christian romance came to Britain for the purpose of conversion.
The first organised attempt of the propagation of Christianity was the Gregorian mission in 597 AD. It was a very he significant event in the religious history of England the Gregorian mission was dispatched by pope Gregory the great the purpose was to convert Anglo saxons Britain into Christianity Gregory choose Augustine a benedicting monk to lead a mission to Kent. During that time it will beard was the ruler of kent the mission was a great success as it set up the future course of Christianity in Britain. Adult bird the ruler of kent was converted to the new religion and the missionaries where allowed to preach freely and convert people most of the environment relating to the advent of Christianity into England comes from the venerable beads ecclesiastical history of the English people
UNIT - 3
ANGLO -SAXONS
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Name the tribes who conquered and controlled Britain in the Anglo saxon period ?
Ans. Germanic tribes
2. Which were the three tribes that constituted the inner core of the anglo saxon community?
Ans.angles,saxons,jute
3. What was the name used to denote the period between the establishment of the Anglo saxon kingdom and the destruction of the same in the second half of the 9th century?
Ans.heptarchy
4. What is the meaning of the term heptarchy?
Ans. The rule of 7 kingdoms
5. Which are the seven kingdoms that emerged after the Anglo saxon conquest in Britain?
Ans.Northumbria,mercia,East Anglia , Essex, Kent, Sussex, Wessex
6. What was the name given to the administrative divisions in the Anglo saxon period?
Ans.Hundred and shire
7. Which is considered the basic unit of administration under the Anglo saxon region?
Ans.hide (land)
8. Name one famous ruler among the Anglo saxons who made definitive contributions to the formation of a code of law in this period?
Ans.Alfred the great
9. Provide the name of two sources often referred by scholars and historians to know more about Anglo saxon?
Ans.Ethelberts law code and doomsday book
10. What was the religious affiliation of Anglo saxon even before they said foot in the lands of Britain?
Ans.polytheistic pagan religion
1. Describe the formation of the anglo saxon kingdom and the peculiarities of its administration
Ans. Well defined administrative system was followed during the Anglo saxon period hundred and Shire where the administrative divisions during the Anglo Saxon period. In the society and ordinary prosperous freeman generally owned area of about 60 to 100 acres of land this land was called a hide which was sufficient to maintain the owners household and family in comfortable circumstances. It was the basic unit of administration a hundred hides formed a unit known as hundred this unit had to supply a sufficient number of trained soldiers to the king when needed these hundreds where presided over by a head man known as reve the reeve settled local disputes in the hundreds and had the right to punish for offences against the law. Thus these hundreds became hundred courts in later days when the counties begin to appear there was a Shire reeve he was a senior official with local responsibilities functioning under the crown and the word has now become Sheriff. Shire was an administrative division about the hundreds and existed in the time of Alfred the great and fully developed during the reign of Edgar.
Witan was the council of the Anglo saxon and kings King ruled through a sort of parliament called within members of the royal family elderman and the ministers constituted the witten it's main duty was to advised the king on all administrative and judicial matters like grams of land to churches or layman implementation of new laws territorial conquest etc the king and elect is success of their own choice.
2. Explain the features of old English poetry which prevailed in the Anglo Saxon period
Ans. The poetry of the old English period is generally group into main divisions National and Christian the line of demarcation is not of course absolutely fixed the early National poems can be classified in two groups Epic and allergic with one or two exceptions they are anonymous for the most part the same to be the work of minstrels rather than of literary men. Much of old English poetry was probably intended to be chanted with the accompanyment of a harp by the Anglo Saxon bard. This poetry generally emphasis the sorrow and ultimate utility of life and the helplessness of humans before the power of fate. Almost all this poetry is composed without rhyme in a characteristic line or verse of four stressed syllabus alternating with an indeterminate number of unstressed one. Another and female but equally striking feature in the formal character of old English poetry is structural alliteration or the use of syllables beginning with similar sounds into or three of the stress in each line.
UNIT - 4
NORMAN CONQUEST
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Who were normans or northmen?
Ans. Barbarian pirates from Denmark Norway and Iceland who engaged in destructive blenders on European costal settlements in the 8th century CE.
2. Who become the Duke of Normandy after the death of Edward the confessor?
Ans.william the conqueror
3. Who fought against each other in the battle of Hastings?
Ans.william and Harold
4. Who accented the throne of England after the battle of Hastings?
Ans.william the conqueror
5. What was one of the major result of Williams land policies?
Ans. The development of feudalism
6. What was one of the major features of Norman feudalism?
Ans.king William owned all land
7. What is the significance of the oath of salisbury?
Ans. Tenants in chief and land owning men swore allegiance to William at old sarum
8. Who claimed that the cell is very hot was an act of homemade by all nobles and aristocrates?
Ans.W.stubbs
9. What is the dooms day book?
Ans. A manuscript record of the great survey of England written as per the order of William the conqueror by William of Calais
10. What was the purpose of William conducting a huge sensors on the economic condition of his subjects?
Ans. To strengthen Williams hold on the feudal lots and their subordinate by racing taxes to pay for his army and to meet the administrative expenses.
1. Explain Williams land policies and the development of feudalism
Ans. William let the Anglo saxon of marcia and Northumbria keep their land because they had not fought against William at Hastings the only condition was that they accepted Williams authority as king and as their feudal lord William transferred land ownership from the anglo saxon nobels who hadn't support him to that normans who could trust and relay on Norman feudalism was different from the Anglo saxon system in one important way the king William was the owner of all land. William needed a way of controlling England so that the people remained loyal to him William considered all the land of England as his own personal property gave out feifs to nobels who in return had to give military service when required William divided up England into very large plots of land these were given to those noble men who had fought bravely for him in battles a specially at hasting the land was not simply given to these novels they had to swear and both of loyalty to William. Then they had to collect taxes in their area for him and they had to provide the king with soldiers if they were told to do so the men who got these length are called barrons and dues within their own area they were the most important persons in the terms of the few days system these men wear called as tenants in chief. The tenant in chief further divided up their land and these were given to trusted Norman knights. Eachk night was given a segment of land to govern that nights had to swear and oath of barren collected taxes and provides soldiers from their land when they were needed these louds worked to maintain law and order in their area.
The lords had to do their jobs well as UN successful once could be removed from their position at the bottom of the ladder where the conquered English who had to do what they were told or pay the price for the disobedience they were treated harshly and there was always the constant threat of Norman soldiers being used against the English people wherever they lived.
2. Explain the event oath of salisbury
Ans. The oath of salisbury refers to an event of 1086 AD when William first summond his tenant in chief and land owning men to old sarum where they swore allegiance to him. It was an important measure of Williams to assert his power over the English and Norman aristocracy the prime aim of this earth was to affirm the power and prestige of the sovereign.
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